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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 SST Chapter 3 The Rise of the Marathas

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 SST Chapter 3  The Rise of the Marathas Page 61 The big Questions Question 1. Who were the Marathas? How did they manage to become the largest pan- Indian power before the British took over? मराठा कौन थे? वे ब्रिटिश शासन स्थापित होने से पूर्व भारतवर्ष की सबसे बड़ी अखिल-भारतीय शक्ति कैसे बने?  Answer: The Marathas were a powerful warrior community mainly from the western Deccan region. Under the leadership of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj , they established a strong and well-organised kingdom. They used guerrilla warfare, efficient administration and a strong military system. After Shivaji’s death, the Peshwas expanded Maratha influence across India. They formed alliances, defeated several regional powers and controlled large territories. Thus, they became the largest pan-Indian power before the British established their rule. मराठा मुख्यतः पश्चिमी दक्कन क्षेत्र का एक शक्तिशाली योद्धा समुदाय था। छत्रपति शिवाजी महाराज के नेतृत्व में उन्होंने एक मजबूत औ...
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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 SST Chapter 2 Reshaping India’s Political Map

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 SST Chapter 2  Reshaping India’s Political Map भारत के राजनैतिक मानचित्र का पुनर्निर्माण  Page No 21 Question 1: How did foreign invasions and the rise of new dynasties reshape India’s political boundaries during this period?  इस कालखंड में विदेशी आक्रमणों एवं नए राजवंशों के उदय ने भारत की राजनीतिक सीमाओं को किस प्रकार नया आकार दिया? Answer Foreign invasions and the rise of new dynasties brought major changes to India's political map. The decline of old kingdoms and the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate and later the Mughal Empire led to the formation of large empires. At the same time, many regional kingdoms such as the Vijayanagara Empire , the Rajputs , the Ahoms , and the Marathas became powerful. As kingdoms expanded, declined, or merged, India's political boundaries changed repeatedly, creating a new political map. विदेशी आक्रमणों तथा नए राजवंशों के उदय से भारत के राजनीतिक मानचित्र में बड़े परिवर्तन हुए। पुराने राज्यों के पतन के बाद...
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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 SST Chapter 1 Natural Resources and Their Use

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 SST Chapter 1 Natural Resources and Their Use प्राकृतिक संसाधन एवं उनका उपयोग  The big Questions (page 1) Question 1. How do we categorise natural resources? हम प्राकृतिक संसाधनों का वर्गीकरण कैसे करते है?  Answer: Natural resources can be categorised in two main ways: (1) Based on their use: Resources essential for life – Air, water, and soil. Resources for materials – Wood, marble, metals, and minerals used to make various products. Resources for energy – Coal, petroleum, natural gas, sunlight, wind, and flowing water. (2) Based on their ability to regenerate:   Renewable resources – Resources that can be naturally restored or regenerated, such as sunlight, wind, water, forests, and soil (if used sustainably). Non-renewable resources – Resources that take millions of years to form and cannot be replaced quickly, such as coal, petroleum, iron, copper, and gold.   प्राकृतिक संसाधनों का वर्गीकरण मुख्यतः दो आधारों पर किया जाता है—...
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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 SST Chapter 6 The Age of Reorganisation

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 SST Chapter 6 The Age of Reorganisation  पनुर्गठन का काल Question 1: Why is the period that followed the Maurya empire sometimes called the ‘Age of Reorganisation’?  मौर्योत्तर काल को कभी-कभी ‘पनुर्गठन का काल’ क्यों कहा जाता है? Answer The period after the Maurya Empire is called the ‘Age of Reorganisation’ because political power was reorganised across different regions. Several new kingdoms and dynasties emerged, while older political structures changed. New rulers, trade networks, cultural influences and artistic traditions developed. These changes reshaped Indian society and politics, creating new centres of power and contributing to the development of regional cultures. मौर्य साम्राज्य के बाद के काल को ‘पुनर्गठन का काल’ कहा जाता है क्योंकि विभिन्न क्षेत्रों में राजनीतिक शक्ति का पुनर्गठन हुआ। कई नए राज्य और राजवंश उभरे तथा पुरानी राजनीतिक व्यवस्थाओं में परिवर्तन आया। नए शासक, व्यापारिक मार्ग, सांस्कृतिक प्रभाव और कला की परंपराएँ विकसित हुई...
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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 SST Chapter 5 The Rise of Empires

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 SST Chapter 5 The Rise of Empires साम्राज्यों का उदय Page 83  The Big Questions? Question 1. What is an empire? साम्राज्य क्या होता है? Answer: An empire is a large political territory ruled by one powerful ruler or central government. It is formed by bringing different kingdoms, regions or peoples under one authority through conquest, alliances or administration. साम्राज्य एक बड़ा राजनीतिक क्षेत्र होता है, जिस पर किसी शक्तिशाली शासक या केंद्रीय सरकार का शासन होता है। यह विजय, संधि या प्रशासन के माध्यम से विभिन्न राज्यों, क्षेत्रों और लोगों को एक शासन के अधीन लाने से बनता है। Question 2. How did empires rise and shape Indian civilisation? साम्राज्यों का उदय कैसे हुआ और उन्होंने भारतीय सभ्यता को कैसे आकार दिया? Answer: Empires rose when powerful rulers conquered and united many kingdoms and territories under one administration. They developed strong armies, efficient systems of governance, trade networks and infrastructure. Great empires such as the ...
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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 SST Chapter 4 New Beginnings: Cities and States

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 SST Chapter 4 New Beginnings: Cities and States नवारंभ - नगर एवं राज्य  Page No 67  The Big Questions? Question 1. What is meant by ‘Second Urbanisation of India’?  ‘भारत का द्वितीय नगरीकरण’ से क्या अभिप्राय है? Answer: In the early 2nd millennium BCE, India’s first civilization started disintegrating. In the 1st mil-lennium BCE a vibrant new phase of urbanisation began in the Ganga plains, parts of the Indus basin and neighbouring regions, gradually spreading to other parts of the Subcontinent. This is often called India’s ‘Second Urbanisation’ which, incidentally, has continued right up to today. दूसरी सहस्राब्दी ईसा पूर्व के आरंभ में भारत की पहली सभ्यता का विघटन शुरू हो गया। पहली सहस्राब्दी ईसा पूर्व में गंगा के मैदानों, सिंधु घाटी के कुछ भागों और पड़ोसी क्षेत्रों में नगरीकरण का एक नया और जीवंत चरण शुरू हुआ, जो धीरे-धीरे भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप के अन्य भागों में भी फैल गया। इसे प्रायः भारत का ‘द्वितीय नगरीकरण’ कहा जाता है। यह नगरीकरण की ...
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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 SST Chapter 3 Climates of India भारत की जलवायु

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 SST Chapter 3 Climates of India भारत की जलवायु Page No. 45 Question 1: What makes India’s climate so diverse?  भारतीय जलवायु को कौन-कौन से तत्व  विविध बनाते है? Answer India’s climate is diverse because of its vast size, different landforms, and location near the Tropic of Cancer. It has many climate types, including tropical, desert, and mountainous. The Himalayas block cold winds, while the monsoons bring seasonal rainfall, making the climate diverse. भारत की जलवायु विविध है क्योंकि इसका आकार बहुत बड़ा है, यहाँ अलग-अलग तरह की ज़मीन की बनावट है और यह कर्क रेखा के पास स्थित है। यहाँ कई तरह की जलवायु पाई जाती है, जैसे उष्णकटिबंधीय, रेगिस्तानी और पहाड़ी। हिमालय ठंडी हवाओं को रोकता है, जबकि मानसून मौसमी बारिश लाता है, जिससे जलवायु में विविधता आती है। Question 2: What are the monsoons? How are they formed?  मानसून क्या है? यह कैसे बनता है? Answer Monsoons are seasonal winds that bring heavy rainfall to India. They are formed due to the heating...
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