Class 8 Geography (Resource and Development) Chapter 4 Industries

 Resource and Development

Chapter 4 Industries

Q1.        Answer the following questions. (i)                           What is meant by the term ‘industry’? Answer Industry refers to an economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services. Thus, we have iron and steel industry (production of goods), coal mining industry (extraction of coal) and tourism industry (service provider). (ii)                         Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry? Answer The factors affecting the location of industries are the availability of raw material, land, water, labour, power, capital, transport and market. Industries are situated where some or all of these factors are easily available. (iii)                       Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why? Answer Steel industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry because steel is majorly used everywhere. Most of the things that we use in our daily life is made up of steel. (iv)                       Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai? Answer The warm, moist climate, a port for importing machinery, availability of raw material and skilled labour resulted in rapid expansion of the industry in the Mumbai region.

Q2.        Tick the correct answer. (i)             Fort Gloster is located in (a) West Bengal (b) California (c) Gujarat (ii)           Which one of the following is a natural fibre? (a) nylon (b) jute (c) acryclic Answers (i) (a) West Bengal (ii) (b) jute

Q3.        Distinguish between the followings. (i)        Agro-based and mineral based industry (ii)      Public sector and joint sector industry Answer Agro based industry mineral based industry these industries uses plant and animal based products as their raw material these industries heroes mineral ores as their raw materials examples are food processing, vegetable oil, cotton textile, dairy products. examples are steel and iron industries, heavy machinery industries.   Public sector joint sector industry Industries owned and operated by the government are called public sector industries. industries owned handle created by the state and individuals or a group of individuals are called joint sector industries. examples are Steel authority of India limited. examples are Maruti Udyog Limited.

Q4.        Give two examples of the following in the space provided. (i)             Raw Materials: _____________ and ___________________ (ii)           End product: _______________and ___________________ (iii)         Tertiary Activities: __________ and __________ (iv)         Agro-based Industries: _______and ____________ (v)           Cottage Industries: __________and ________________ (vi)         Co-operatives: ______________and __________ Answers (i) Raw Materials: Iron and Cotton (ii) End product: Utensils and cloth (iii) Tertiary Activities: Transport and banking (iv) Agro-based Industries: dairy industry and cotton textile industry (v) Cottage Industries: pottery and basket weaving (vi) Co-operatives: mother dairy and Amul.