Class 8 Chapter 3 English Glimpses of the Past

Class 8 English Chapter 3 Glimpses of the Past - Word-Meaning

📘 Glimpses of the Past – Word-Meaning

1. The Martyrs

Word	Meaning (English)	Meaning (Hindi)
Countrymen	People of one’s own country	देशवासियों
Recall	To remember	याद करना
Sacrifices	Giving up something valuable for a cause	बल, बलिदान
Martyrs	People who die for a noble cause	शहीद

🟩 2. The Company’s Conquests (1757–1849)

Word	Meaning (English)	Hindi Meaning
Short‑sighted	Lacking foresight	संक्षिप्तदृष्टि
Upstart	An arrogant, newly successful person	घमंडी, नवकर्ता
Extend	To spread or make larger	फैलाना
Constant	Continuous or unending	लगातार
Subdue	To conquer or bring under control	दबा देना
Dethrone	Remove from power or position	गद्दी से हटाना
Foreigner	A person from another country	विदेशी

🟩 3. British Rule (1765–1836)

Word	Meaning (English)	Hindi Meaning
Preach	To deliver moral or sermon-like speech	प्रचार करना
Self-respect	Pride in oneself	आत्मसम्मान
Scorn	To despise or treat with contempt	तिरस्कार करना
Incapable	Not able to do something	अक्षम
Ruin	To destroy	नष्ट करना
Famine	Extreme scarcity of food	अकाल

4. Ram Mohan Roy (1772–1833)

Word	Meaning (English)	Hindi Meaning
Reform	Make changes for improvement	सुधार करना
Superstition	Belief without scientific basis	अंधविश्वास
Subjects	The people ruled by a sovereign	प्रजा
Owe	To have a duty to someone	उधारदार होना / कृतज्ञ होना
Achievement	Something accomplished successfully	उपलब्धि
Despise	To regard with contempt	उपेक्षा करना / घृणा करना

5. Oppression (1765–1835)

Word	Meaning (English)	Hindi Meaning
Oppress	To treat cruelly or unjustly	अत्याचार करना
Fortune	Great wealth or luck	भाग्य / धन
Prosper	To succeed financially	सम्पन्न होना
Misrule	Bad or corrupt rule	कुशासन
Regulation	A rule or law enforced by authority	नियम / कानून

6. Dissatisfaction (1835–56)

Word	Meaning (English)	Hindi Meaning
Petty	Small or insignificant	छोटा-मोटा
Intellectual	A person possessing deep thinking and knowledge	बुद्धिजीवी
Grievances	Complaints or injustices	शिकायतें
Convert	To change from one form to another	बदलना / रूपांतरित करना

7. The Sparks (1855–57)

Word	Meaning (English)	Hindi Meaning
Taxes	Compulsory payments to government	कर
Peasants	Farmers	किसान
Massacred	Killed ruthlessly	वध करना / नरसंहार करना
Mansion	Large, impressive house	कोठी, हवेली
Pittance	A small or insufficient amount	बेहद नगण्य राशि
Cartridge	Ammunition for guns	कारतूस
Revolt	An uprising	विद्रोह

8. Revolt (1857)

Word	Meaning (English)	Hindi Meaning
Outbreak	A sudden eruption (of rebellion, disease, etc.)	प्रकोप / विस्फोट
Landlord	Owner of land or property	ज़मींदार
Mutiny	Rebellion by soldiers	सिपाही विद्रोह
Fierce	Very strong or violent	उग्र / भीषण
Crushed	Completely defeated	कुचल देना

9. The Fight for Freedom (1857)

Word	Meaning (English)	Hindi Meaning
Bitter	Harsh or unpleasant	कड़वा
Upsurge	A sudden increase	लहर
Pounce	To spring upon or attack swiftly	पंजा मारना
Battles	Fights between armies	लड़ाइयां / युद्ध
Patriots	Those who love and fight for their country	देशभक्त
Combat	To fight against something	लड़ना / मुकाबला करना

BrightWay Coaching Academy