Class 8 Geography
Chapter 5 Human Resources
Answer the following questions.
(i) Why are people considered a resource?
Answer
People are considered resources due to their demands, capacities, and capabilities to create new resources.
(ii) What are the causes for the uneven distribution of Population globally?
Answer
The main causes for the uneven distribution of Population in the world are Geographical, cultural, and economic causes:
(a) Topography, climate, water, and minerals are the geographical causes.
(b) Religion, culture, language, caste, etc., are the cultural causes.
(iii) The world population has grown very rapidly. Why?
Answer
The availability of better food supplies, increased medical facilities, reduced death rate, and the birth rate almost remained the same. So the world population has grown rapidly.
(iv) Discuss the role of any two factors influencing population change.
Answer
(a) Geographical factors: People prefer to live on plains rather than mountains or plateaus, and they live more in moderate climates than extreme hot or cold. From the agricultural point of view, fertile land is preferred. Areas with mineral deposits are more populated.
(b) Economic factors: People prefer to live in industrial areas since they provide more and better employment opportunities. Due to this, industrial cities are thickly populated.
(c) Social factor: Areas of better housing, education, and health facilities attract more and more Population.
(v) What is meant by population composition?
Answer
The population structure, like age, sex, literacy, occupations, health facilities, economic condition, etc., is called population composition.
(vi) What are population pyramids? How do they help in understanding the Population of a country?
Answer
A population pyramid is the tapering of a number of males and females in different age groups.
(a) The shape of the population pyramid help in understanding the Population of a country.
(b) The number of children below 15 years is shown at the bottom and reflects the level of birth.
(c) The top size shows the number of aged people and reflects the number of deaths.
(d) A country with high birth and death rates is broad at the base and rapidly narrow towards the top and vis-a-versa.
Tick the correct answer
(i) What does the term population distribution refer to?
a. How does the Population in a specified area change over time?
b. The number of people who die in relation to the number of people born in a specified area.
c. How people are spread across a given area.
(ii) Which are the three main factors that cause population change?
a. Births, deaths, and marriage
b. Births, deaths, and migration
c. Births, deaths, and life expectancy
(iii) In 1999, the world population reached
a. 1 billion
b. 3 billion
c. 6 billion
(iv) What is a population pyramid?
a. A graphical presentation of the age and sex composition of a population.
b. When the population density of an area is so high, people live in tall buildings.
c. The pattern of population distribution in large urban areas.
Answer
(i) (c)
(ii) (b)
(iii) (c)
(iv) (a)
Question: Complete the sentences below using some of the following words.
Sparsely, favorable, fallow, artificial, fertile, natural, extreme, densely.
When people are attracted to an area, it becomes ………………….. populated.
Factors that influence this include ………………….. climate; good supplies of ………………….. resources, and ………………….. land.
Answer
When people are attracted to an area, it becomes densely populated. Factors that influence this include a favorable climate, good supplies of natural resources, and fertile land.
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